SALT LAKE CITY — The Democratic Republic of the Congo, a central African nation, is currently grappling with a more lethal strain of monkeypox, now simply referred to as mpox. This new strain has a higher mortality rate compared to the mpox variant that swept across Europe and the U.S. in 2022. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is urging individuals at high risk to get vaccinated.
According to a report by U.S. News, “Mpox has been endemic to Africa for a long time, as it can be transmitted to humans through contact with animals such as monkeys.” The recent outbreak in the country suggests “multiple transmissions from animal hosts within” the nation.
The report further stated, “Fortunately, there is a vaccine for mpox, produced under the brand name Jynneos. It’s a two-dose regimen, with the shots administered about a month apart.”
The 2022 outbreak predominantly affected gay and bisexual men, as per the CDC. With Pride events on the horizon, public health officials are advocating for vaccination. During the outbreak, the U.S. recorded 32,063 cases and 58 deaths. Globally, the number of cases stood at 95,912, according to the CDC.
The New York Times reported, “The CDC is concentrating its efforts on encouraging Americans at highest risk to get vaccinated before the virus makes a comeback. The agency’s outreach initiatives include collaborating with advocacy groups and social media influencers who have a wide reach within the LGBTQ+ community. In December, the agency advised clinicians to stay vigilant for potential cases in travelers from Congo.”
“There are two primary types of mpox: Clade I, the dominant type in Congo, and Clade II, a variant of which caused the 2022 global outbreak. (A clade is a genetically and clinically distinct group of viruses.) Both clades have been present in Africa for decades, occasionally leading to outbreaks,” the Times added.
The CDC emphasized on Thursday the importance of controlling the outbreak in Congo and preventing its spread to other countries.
Signs of mpox
The initial visible symptom can be a rash, typically found on the hands, feet, chest, face, mouth, or near the genital area. The incubation period ranges from 3-17 days, during which there are no symptoms. The rash may resemble pimples or blisters before it scabs over and heals. The rash can sometimes cause pain or itching.
Other symptoms can include fever, chills, swollen lymph nodes, fatigue, muscle and back pain, headache, and respiratory symptoms like nasal congestion or cough.
The CDC advises anyone exhibiting these symptoms to seek medical attention — but to wear a mask when doing so.
There’s no evidence to suggest that asymptomatic individuals can transmit the virus.
Transmission of mpox
Both clades can be transmitted through intimate or close personal contact. Pregnant women can pass the virus to a fetus in the womb or to a newborn during and after birth, as per the CDC.
The virus can also spread by touching “objects, fabrics, and surfaces that have not been disinfected after use by someone with mpox,” according to the CDC. Transmission can begin up to four days before symptoms appear and can continue until the rash has completely healed and new skin has formed. Mpox can also be transmitted to humans through contact with animals via direct close contact, including with the infected animal’s fluids or waste, or through bites and scratches.
The CDC stated that there’s no evidence to suggest it spreads through water in pools, hot tubs, or splash pads, and it’s known that the recommended level of chlorine in recreational water venues kills the virus.
A study published in the Journal of Infectious Diseases revealed that about 1 in 15 unvaccinated adults who visited a sexual health clinic in New York City were found to have antibodies to mpox, despite not being vaccinated or showing any symptoms of infection during the city’s 2022 mpox outbreak. This suggests, according to researchers, that asymptomatic infections also played a role in transmission.
I agree with the CDC’s warning of a potential resurgence of mpox. It’s important to stay informed and take necessary precautions to prevent the spread of disease.
I agree with the CDC’s warning. It’s crucial to be proactive in preventing the spread of disease.
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